CG Glossary

CG Glossary (memo for me)

A
B
- Basic 11 Colors :
  (from Berlin and Kay, referred by Color FAQ by Charles Poynton. Many languages have next basic 11 colors.
  http://www.inforamp.net/~poynton/ (no link?)
  - white, black, red, green, yellow, blue, brown, purple, pink, orange and gray.
  - Japanese proper color names (which can be used as adjective without the word ``color.'') : white, black, red and blue. Other color should be add the word color. Like shiroi, kuroi, akai and aoi, but, no kii and no chai. These cases, you need the word iro(color), like Ki-iro-i and Cha-iro-i.
C
- FAQs about Color http://www.inforamp.net/~poynton/ (no link?)
- CIE : Commission Internationale de L E'clairage
- CMY : Cyan Magenta Yellow
- CMYB : Cyan Magenta Yellow Black (usual printing color elements)
- Color space : How to encode color. Color spaces are hard to understand... But you can see next points :
  - linear or non linear
  - device dependent or independent
  - perceptually or not
  Anyway, it is still difficult...
- Chroma : quadrature modulation. (Jim Blinn's corner, Dirty pixels p.144)
D
- Downsampling : A raw data set usually contains high frequency data. Downsampling is sample this data is at lower (down) frequency.
  - I am not sure next. However, this means smoothing might also be a kind of downsampling. Then a reconstruction of surface from a point cloud, for example, could be called upsampling. Especially a reconstruction with feature preserving. This seems natural for me, but I do not know exactly.
E
F
G
- FAQ about Gamma http://www.inforamp.net/~poynton/ (no link?)
H
- HDTV : High definition television : ITU-R Recommendation BT. 709. Before this TV (like NTSC, PAL), there is no well defined color primaries. Even white points between North America's NTSC and Japan's NTSC has some difference. Moreover, they changes year by year since people prefer brighter TV and technology cought up with. Then color reproductivity or color fidelity were lost between different generations of NTSC TV.
- hue : hue is the attribute of a visual sensation according to which an area appears to be similar to one of the perceived colours, red, yellow, green and blue, or a combination of two of them. (CIE)
- HSB : Hue Saturation Brightness : device dependent
- HLS : Hue Lightness Saturation : device dependent
I
- ITU : International Telecommunications Union
  - ITU-T : Telecommunication Standardization Sector of the International Telecommunications Union
  - ITU-R : Radiocommunication Sector of the International Telecommunications Union
J
- Japanese proper color names
K
- (not yet)
L
- luma : some kind of luminance. Usually non linear and many definitions are there on Video area. See FAQs about Color
- luminance See FAQs about Color, See yluminance
- L*u*v* : CIELUV : a perceptually uniform color space defined by CIE.
- L*a*b* : CIELAB : a perceptually uniform color space defined by CIE. L*a*b* is more perceptually uniform than L*u*v* but L*a*b* is non linear.
- Lambertian reflection: diffuse reflection. The brightness depends only on the angle theta between the direction L to the light source and the surface normal N. (cos(theta))
M
- Mip (Mip Mapping, Computer Graphics): Multum In Parvo (Lance Williams, ``Pyramidal parametrics,'' SIGGRAPH 1983)
- Marchine Cube method. Polygonization.
N
- NTSC
  - National Television System Committee
  - National Television Standards Committee (common, but incorrect)
  - Not the same color (This is true between different generations/areas of NTSC TVs but just a joke.)
O
- (not yet)
P
- PAL: Phase Alternation Line (European TV format)
- Phong illumination model. see Foley et al.. book.
Q
- (not yet)
R
- RGB : Red Green Blue
- ROI : Region Of Interest
- recursive : see recursive (This comes from Jim Blinn's corner)
- reflection : noitcelfer (This comes from MPI's white board. Originally, each characters are mirrored.)
S
- SECAM : French Sequential Couleur avec Memoire (TV format used in former Soviet Union.)
- SPD
  - Spectral Power Distribution
  - (Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands)
T
- Teapotahedron : the 6th Platonic Solids discovered by James Arvo and David Kirk. (I read in Jim Blinn's corner. Nov. 1987) Other five Platonic solids are (all regular) tetrahedron, cube, octahedron, dodecahedron and icosahedron. One mathematician did not realize this was a joke, and he send a letter to the editor of CG and Application. This reveals he was not familiar with computer graphics area. We can check he/she is familiar with CG or not with this joke. Later Jim Blinn published his corner's book and he added one section to explain this is a joke in his book.
U
- (not yet)
V
W
X
- (not yet)
Y
- Y : In many case, this expresses luminance.
- Y' : Non linear luminance. Unfortunately, many people mistake Y, Y', y, y' and so on.
- YCC : Kodak's Photo YCC. A color space.
- Y'UV : NTSC color space
- Y'IQ : PAL color space
- yluminance : The liminance's correct spelling. Y is silent. This is because that it is always written in Y in color space. (A joke in Jim Blinn's corner. Dirty Pixels, p.142.)
Z
- (not yet)